AIAny

Least-to-Most Prompting Enables Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models

Breaks hard reasoning problems into simpler subproblems, then solves them using earlier answers. With 14 exemplars, code-davinci-002 reaches at least 99% accuracy on SCAN splits, including the length split.

Introduction

Longer reasoning traces do not necessarily teach a model to solve harder problems. The useful shift here is to make the dependency structure explicit: demonstrate how to decompose a task, then let each solved subproblem become context for the next. This targets easy-to-hard generalization rather than merely matching the difficulty of prompt examples.

Key Findings
  • On SCAN, code-davinci-002 achieves at least 99% accuracy across splits with 14 exemplars; the paper contrasts this with 16% for chain-of-thought prompting. The result concerns this model and benchmark setup, rather than a universal advantage.
  • Experiments cover symbolic manipulation, compositional generalization, and mathematical reasoning, testing whether simple demonstrations can support more complex inputs.
  • Both decomposition and solving use few-shot prompts without training or fine-tuning, making the intervention a change in inference procedure rather than model weights.
Who Should Read It

Great fit if you study compositional generalization or design workflows whose intermediate answers can be reused. Look elsewhere if you need evidence for open-ended agent reliability: these are controlled reasoning tasks, and sequential solving adds model calls while making later answers depend on earlier ones.

Information

  • Websitearxiv.org
  • OrganizationsGoogle Research, Brain Team
  • AuthorsDenny Zhou, Nathanael Schärli, Le Hou, Jason Wei, Nathan Scales, Xuezhi Wang, Dale Schuurmans, Claire Cui, Olivier Bousquet, Quoc Le …
  • Published date2022/05/21

More Items

Trains long-horizon web researchers by combining agentic mid-training, synthetic trajectories, and reinforcement learning. A 30.5B-parameter model activates 3.3B parameters per token and learns to plan, search, and synthesize evidence.

Explains how base-model behavior and GRPO normalization distort claims about reasoning gains. Introduces Dr. GRPO to reduce length bias, with a 7B training recipe reaching 43.3% on AIME 2024.

Improves language-model problem solving by generating candidate answers, retaining verified successes, and fine-tuning on them. Repeats this loop with an expectation-maximization interpretation instead of collecting more human-written solutions.